Hydraulic air compressor



Jan.9,19 23q 144mm G. D. WARREN.

HYDRAULIC AIR COMPRESSOR.

ORIGINAL FILED JUNEGO, 1919. 3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

20 gig [1'' 27m Jan. 9, 19230 mwm.

G. D. WARREN.

HYDRAULIC AIR COMPRESSOR.

ORIGINAL FILED JUNE 30, I919- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- Jan, 9, 1923..

G. D. WARREN. HYDRAULIC AIR COMPRESSOR. ORIGINAL man JUNE 30.1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEE'I 3.

ll ntenretl an. lll'jllttt l it time n r.

application filed .l'unc all, 1915), serial lto atltfiltl Renewed @ctooer 3t, 1922.

t In M r-uiccilir'ation, reference being: had therein to ill the acconipanyin r drawing.

' iis invention dates to improvements in raulic air con'u iremiors, and is intended xlarly tier-use in wages, dental and iurposes, where it is especially de- I improved compressor operated from the city water power and is adapted to antoinatically supply air at varying pressures. l The primary object of my invention is to provide a hydraulic air compressor which will automatically maintain a predetermined pressure in a receiving tank from which the compressed air is taken for any desired purpose or work.

In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1. is a vertical central sectional view of an apparatus embodying my invention.

lTig. 2 is an inverted bottom plan view of the apparatus. v

3 is a vertical sectional view on the line 3-3 of 2.

Fig. fl is a top plan view showing the bottonii construction in dotted lines.

Fig. .5 is a vertical sec tronal VlG'W. on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a partial horizontal sectional view of the bottom oi my apparatus.

Fig. .7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the valve located in the top of the air compression cylinder.

llio'. 8 is a artial sectional view ot aportion of the bottom valve construction.

lrleterrinp; now to the drawings in which like numerals designatethe $111316 parts, 1.

is a casing); which has its lower halt formed into a water cylinder 2, and its upper, hall formed into a relatively reduced air compression cylinder 3.

it double headed piston l is within the casing 1, the lower large piston head. 5 operates in the cylinder 2 and the small piston head (5, operates in the cylinder 3.

Briefly stated, the water cylinder 2 receives its water from the cit sun 91 1 resinoves (lownv-rard.

serial no. aeeaca IzllliQ which Forces the piston 4 upward to the position I "'n in F 1, which con1- messes the the cylinderB and forces outward. past suitable check valve? to a re civinp' tank (not shown).

ac valve mechanism A is at the top of the cylinder 3, so that when the piston is in the position shown in Fig. 1, this valve mechanism is operated and through att'OlLlillll 0t water 8 operates a va ve mechanism B at the bottom of the and places the lower end of the in comnnuiication, with a dis ing 9 and closes a water admis- 10 so that the Water flows out i by gravity and the piston descer I L n the piston reaches the bottom of t e cylinder 2, it engages the valve mechanism ll which closes the discharge opening 9 and opens the inlet opening 10, and the piston is. forced upward, compressing the air in the cylinder 3, which air was admitted to the cylinder through an opening ll. wil be noted from the drawing that the piston 4: {its loosely in the cylinder and by that means air passes through the opening; ii to the surrounding space andpast the paclcinp; at the head of the piston as it p This operation is auto niatically repeated until the desired air pressure has been forced into the receiving tank, not shown. v The automatic valve mechanism B at the lovverend ot the cylinder 2. comprises a housing 12, in which there is a valve stem 12, hat other end a valve 14:. This housing 1.1 is provided witha central combined inlet and outlet port. which has its lower end 16 enlarged laterally to communicate alternately with the inlet and outlet ports 9 andflO. ll ith the valve mechanism in the position shown in 5, the valve 13 has uncovered the upper end of the. inlet. port 10, so that water will enter the lower end ofthe cylinder 2, and force the piston up. When the valve inoveifi to the opposite side froin that shown in 5, then the inlet port 10 is closed and the outlet port 9 placed in comniunication with the port 15, so that the water in the cylinder 2 will flow therefrom into a water-pipe. The valve 18 moves in a cylinder construction 13 1 and the valve it moves in cylinder construction 14. The valve 14 is of largerdiameter than the valve 13, and has its inner end adapted to inn; at one end a valve 13, and at its.

llltl sure that has beenwithdrawn.

This valve mechanism, just described, is"

operated by the city water pressure in that the'va'live cylinders 13 are IIIICOIHHIUIHGL- tlon wlth the water supply, through ports 'l3 'and'l so that the. valve mechanism is moved back and forth automatically to admit and clischargewvater from the cylinder 2, and the Water-pressure isalternately admitted to thesebylinde'rsby the'movement of the" piston 4i.

Thea.utomati c valve mechanism A, at the top'of the cylinder 3, comprises an inverted cup-shaped plunger 18, that is provided with a groundseatin the housing 19. Telescopingthis cup-shaped plunger" 18 is a push-rod 20, movable through a packing 21 -The cup-shaped plunger 18 is vertically movable in a cylinder 22, the upper end ofWhich is in communication with the water column passage 8, and the lower end 2 3 ofthe' water-passage 8 is in communicationlwith the valve mechanism B, at the bottomjof thecylinde'r. When the piston at reachesthe j. position shown in Fig. 1, it forcesup the push-rod 20 and carries with it the plunger 18, and this plunger displaces thefwater' in the cylinder 22, forcing it down through the passage 8. This column of Water acts upon a valvefQeL to force it up when thepartsare' in the position shown in Fig. 1. In this position the water pressure is admitted to force thevalves l3 and lt to the left of the position shown in Fig. 5, so that the inlet port 10 is closed and the outlet port?) is open. lVith the valves in these positions, the water flows by gravity from the cylinder 2,,and the piston drops. VVhen' the piston drops and reachesits lowest movement, it depresses the valve2 land this depression of the valve 24 causes the valves 13 and 14' to assume the position shown in Fig. 5, which closes the outlet'port 9 and opens the inlet port 10.

Whenthe' pressurein the receiving tank (not shown) is equal to the water pressure in the piston head -5, the operation of the compressorceases, and the piston Wlll stop in the position ithappe'ns to be when that pressure is reached, lVhen, however, the pressure in the tank is lowered beyond the Water pressure on the piston head 5, the compressor again automatically begins to operate and replaces in'the tank tl e pres Referring now particularly to Fig 3, the

valve 2 1- is cylindrical in form, having its ends closed by screw-plugs a, the top and bottom annular grooves b and c are connected with the interior of the cylindrical valve 2 by openings 26 and 26 and through this construction the said top and bottom annular grooves Z) andc are plan-ed in communication with each other. The lower annular groove (1 is in communication through an opening 26 with a port 26, which places the passage 0 in communication with the exhaust port or opening 5).

rrnintermediate groove c is formed in the periphery of the valve 24, and this groove is in communication with water un der pressure through the ports 25, 25' and 25 and the intermediate groove. (,4 is out of communication with the exhaust port. With the valve 24 in the position shown in Fig. 3, exhaust is occurring through the ports 13 26'', valve 24;. ports 26", groove (1 and ports 26 and 26. while water under pressure is passing through ports 25, 25, 25 groove 6 and passage 1%. By reference to Figures 4 and 5. it will be seen that the passage 123 communicates with the (-ylindur l3, and the passage LP connnunicates with the cylinder 14:.

Fig. 8 isan enlarged view ofthc housing f for the valve 24, and this housing has the ports which have been referred to in coni'iection witn Fig. In this figure is illustrated the 25%, which connects with the lower terminal of the water column 8, the upper end of its stenr 28 projects slightlyabove the top of the valve 24, when it'is in its raised position. As a consequence, the valve 28 isenguged by the doscending piston e; in advance of the engagement of the valve 24, and the valve 28 is unseated in admnce of the dmvnward movement of the valveQA. By reason of this, the valve 28 allows water from the column to pass up through its hollow stem 28', as

2% is being forced down to its lowest position. With the valve 24 in its lowest position, the cylinder 13 (of Fig. 5)' is exhausting, while water pressure is being ad mitted to the cylinder let, and the parts assume the positions shown in Figure 5.

In Fig. 7, I show a very important feature of my invention. In this iigure thc cupshaped valve lS'hns two telescopingmembers g, 1 1., and Z and they are held together by the screws 27 and 29, and the plunger 18 is seated as described. The sperialvalue of this mei'nber relates to its giving :1 minimum clearance between thep..:ton and cyliinlcr heads, when either working under load at the starting point. as (lGSClllX-Xl, or when the rompressor is working without full load.

The operation of this part of my invention is as 'l ollo'ws:-lVhen the'parts are in their normal positions, the pin' iZO projects of an inch into the cylinder. :md watcr flows into the ijhamber 22 through the openin m and fills the chamber. hen the piston 4 is moving up with the light load. it pushes up on the pin 20 and part i faster than the water can be forced from the cylinder or chamber 22, and as a consequence much inances the plunger 18 is moved up with the pin and part i", and the plunger 18 moved o'll' o't its seat. The upward movement or the plungear 1.8 :lorces the Water out of the cylinifler or chamber 25% into the column passage ti, and torccs the water out ot' the lower end it oil the passage 8 and against the lower end or the valve 2%, forcing the valve to its up ward position.

water pressure is admitted into the 'vlinder l3, :torcing the valves and to the verse position from that shown in llig. and in this reverse position, the valve opens the discharge port and closes the admission port 10. The water then tlows from the cylinder 2, and the piston 4%: descends, 7 lieves the valve 241% otpressure from the passap'e Pi, and permits the piston to push the valve Qlto its i'li'iwn position, which reverse the valves 13 andlt, which closes the discharge port 9 and opens the admission port '10. When, however, the piston 4L is worlrinp,- under load at or near the balancing; point, the upward movement ct piston 4: will be very slow, airing; it anywhere from a minute to an hour to reach its terminal atter en- ,vgapginp; the pin 20. Durin this time, the water an i be forced from the chamber 22 through the opening m and the pin will reach the top of the chamber 22 in engagement with the plunger 18, and the Water :torced out of the chamber 22 oi the plunger 18 is not suiticicnt to lift the valve to a reversing position. When the pin 20 positively engages the plunger 18, the plunger 18 is unscated at its lower end about a 645th out an inch, which equalizer; the area of the top and bottom ends of 18, and the residue of air in the joint between the heads being much greater than the water pressure in passages 8, the plunger 18 is forced. upward by the air, forcing the water from chamber 22, through the passage 8 and under the valve 9/ lilting it to reverse position, and reversing, the

vavles l3 and l t for the purpose described. The paclrings 21 carried by the plunger 18 provide su'liicient friction to keep them at the place the piston 4i leaves them, thus preventing valve 2a from falling, and the valve 28 allows water to escape when pushed. down by the piston lto permit the val vs 21 to be pushed down by the piston. its soon as water under pressure is admitted into the cylinder 2, water is introduced through. the valve 28 to the passage 8;, and forces the plunger 18 and valve 20 down to their seats ready to be operated by the piston as already described,

Having thus described my invention, what it claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l, A hydraulic air compressor, comprising a casing}; having a water cylinder at one end and an air cylinder at the other end, a dou- With the valve 9% up, the

first eiip;aging,- the valve 28 which re move the ble headed piston co-actii with the cylinders, valv ruechanisru. at the head o t the water cylinder, a valve mechanism. at the head of the air cylinder, saidvalve me ha nisms controlled. by the movement of he piston tor admitting and exhausting water tothe water cylinder.

22. it hydraulic air compressor, comprising a casing having a water cylinder at one end and an air cylinder at the other end, a double headed piston cry-acting; with the said cylinders, a valve mechanism in the head of the water cylinder for controlling the admission. and. di arge oi Water thereto, said valve mechanism adapted to be, actua ed by the adjacent head of the piston.

3. it. hydraulic air compressor corny irisir a casing having at one end a water cylinder,

and at its other end an air cylinder, a douhead oi? the water cylinder to control the admission and discharge oi water to said cylinder, valve mechanism the head of the air cylinder, a column of water opera tively connecting the two valve mechanis the piston heads adapted to respectively valve mechanisms to control the admission and discharge of water in the water cylinder.

4:. it hydraulic air compressor, comprising a vertical casing having at its lower portion a water cylinder and at its upper portion an air cylinder of relatively smaller diameter, a double headed piston co-acting with the said cylinders, a valve mechanism in the head of the water cylinder controlling the admission and discharge oil water thereto, a valve mech anism in the head of the air cylinder, a water containing passage connecting the valve mechanisms, the ai piston head moving the valve mechanism in the head of the air cylinder to cause the water column toact on the valve mechanism in the head of the water cylinder, a movable member of the last said valve mechanism adapted to be engaged by the water cylinder and piston head to move it, whereby water is alternately and automatically admitted to and dis charged from the Water cylinder.

A hydraulic air compressor, comprising a vertical casing h aving a water cylinder at its lower portion and an air cylinder at its upper portion, a double headed piston work of the aircylinder comprising a Cylinder in communication with the column of Water, a. eup-shap'edfvalve inthe cylinder having a small interior communication with the cylinder and a piston Within; the cup-shaped valve, Whereby'a, relatively quick movement of thepiston will move the valve as (lesorihecl. Y

7. In a construction such as set forth in claim 3, the valve meelianism for the head of the air-cylinder, comprising a cylinder anclvalve therein, having a small interior eomniiun'eation with the cylinder, the cylintler in communication withthe water column, whereby water will flow into the cupshaped valve, a piston Within the cup-shaped valve adapted to beaetuatetl bythe compressor piston, whereby a relatively fastmovement of the valve piston will move the valve through the medium of the Water therein and a slow movement or" the piston forces the water out o f the valve Without moving it until the piston reaches its limit of movement in the cup-shaped valve.

8.11m a construction such as defined in claim 3, thevalve' mechanism for the head WWW- of the compression vyliinler. eon'iprisin; a, cylinder in eomn'iunieation with the water eolumin said eylincler having a valve seat at its lower end, a eu )-shape(l valve within the cylinder tllltl adapted to close the saial valve when in its lower position the eup-sha ied valve having a small interior communieation with the (cylinder and column of water, a piston within the valve, whereby a relatively fast movement of the said piston will move the valve through the medium of the water in the valve, and a slow movement permits theeseape oi? the water from the valve aiul lifts it from its seat, thus establishing coinnznnieation with the compression cylinder, whereby the air therein Torres the valve to its upper position.

9. In a construction such as set forth in elailn the valve and piston having friction 1 iekings for the purpose oi normally maintaining them in their upward positions until 'ioreeo downward by water pressure.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

GOVERNOR D. \VARREN. 

